The human gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is inhabited by a wide cluster of microorganisms that
play protective, structural, and metabolic functions for the intestinal mucosa. Gut microbiota …

Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) is an important opportunistic pathogen causing
serious nosocomial infections, which is considered as the most threatening Gram-negative …

There is a growing recognition of the importance of the commensal intestinal microbiota in
the development and later function of the central nervous system. Research using germ-free …

The gut microbiota (GM) plays an important role in the physiology and pathology of the host.
Microbiota communicate with different organs of the organism by synthesizing hormones …

Flagellin is a subunit protein of the flagellum, a whip-like appendage that enables bacterial
motility. Traditionally, flagellin was viewed as a virulence factor that contributes to the …

Tissue repair/regeneration, after implantation or injury, involves comprehensive
physiological processes wherein immune responses play a crucial role to enable tissue …

Pathogen‐associated molecular pattern molecules (PAMP s) are derived from
microorganisms and recognized by pattern recognition receptor (PRR)‐bearing cells of the …

Bidirectional signalling between the gastrointestinal tract and the brain is regulated at
neural, hormonal, and immunological levels. This construct is known as the brain–gut axis …

The insect immune response demonstrates many similarities to the innate immune response
of mammals and a wide range of insects is now employed to assess the virulence of …

Females are more susceptible than males to many autoimmune diseases. The processes
causing this phenomenon are incompletely understood. Here, we demonstrate that aged …