Cardiovascular diseases are the primary reason for mortality worldwide. As per WHO survey
report in 2019, 17.9 million people died due to CVDs, accounting for 32% of all global …

Cardiovascular diseases present a significant global health challenge that emphasizes the
critical need for developing accurate and more effective detection methods. Several studies …

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death worldwide. Assessing of
CVD risk plays an essential role in identifying individuals at higher risk and enables the …

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are one of the most prevalent causes of premature death.
Early detection is crucial to prevent and address CVDs in a timely manner. Recent advances …

In medical informatics, deep learning-based models are being used to predict and diagnose
cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). These models can detect clinical signs, recognize …

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) continue to be the leading cause of mortality
on a global scale. In recent years, the application of artificial intelligence (AI) techniques …

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a prevalent chronic metabolic disorder linked to increased
morbidity and mortality. With a significant portion of cases remaining undiagnosed …

The retina is a vulnerable structure that is frequently affected by different systemic
conditions. The main mechanisms of systemic retinal damage are either primary insult of …

Diabetic Retinopathy (DR), a prevalent and severe complication of diabetes, affects millions
of individuals globally, underscoring the need for accurate and timely diagnosis. Recent …

It is well established that the retina provides insights beyond the eye. Through observation of
retinal microvascular changes, studies have shown that the retina contains information …