In 1918, a strain of influenza A virus caused a human pandemic resulting in the deaths of 50
million people. A century later, with the advent of sequencing technology and corresponding …

Novel reassortants of H7N9, H10N8, and H5N6 avian influenza viruses (AIVs) are currently
circulating in China's poultry flocks, occasionally infecting humans and other mammals …

Constant surveillance of live poultry markets (LPMs) is currently the best way to predict and
identify emerging avian influenza viruses (AIVs) that pose a potential threat to public health …

We have surveyed avian influenza virus (AIV) genomes from live poultry markets within
China since 2014. Here we present a total of 16,091 samples that were collected from May …

The panzootic caused by A/goose/Guangdong/1/96‐lineage highly pathogenic avian
influenza (HPAI) A (H5) viruses has occurred in multiple waves since 1996. From 2013 …

Since 2013, there have been several alarming influenza‐related events; the spread of highly
pathogenic avian influenza H5 viruses into North America, the detection of H10N8 and …

Abstract Background Poultry farms and LPMs are a reservoir of antimicrobial resistant
bacteria and resistance genes from feces. The LPM is an important interface between …

Highlights•Memory influenza-specific CD8+ T cells drive rapid recovery from influenza
disease.•CD8+ T cell memory pools cross-react with distinct influenza strains.•Universal T …

Circulation of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses poses a continuous threat to
animal and public health. After the 2005–2006 H5N1 and the 2014–2015 H5N8 epidemics …

Highlights•A new avian influenza A (H5N1) virus clade (2.3. 4.4) is spreading globally in
birds.•This virus revealed surprising propensity to reassort with NA subtypes other than …