Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex autoimmune disease characterized by inflammatory
processes, demyelination, neurodegeneration, and axonal damage within the central …

Background Several studies report mixed associations between the retinal nerve fiber layer
(RNFL) thickness with cognitive and physical disability in persons with multiple sclerosis …

Background Available evidence reports conflicting data on retinal thickness in progressive
supranuclear palsy (PSP). In studies including healthy controls, PSP showed either the …

Abstract Background The Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), the most reliable and
sensitive measure of cognition in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS), is increasingly …

Background: Cognitive impairment can emerge in the earliest stages of multiple sclerosis
(MS), with heterogeneity in cognitive deficits often hindering symptom identification and …

Disability in multiple sclerosis accrues predominantly in the progressive forms of the
disease. While disease-modifying treatment of relapsing MS has drastically evolved over the …

Introduction The visual system is a prominent site of damage in MS since the earliest phases
of the disease. Altered low-contrast visual acuity (LCVA) test has been associated with …

Abstract Background Spectral Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) and Visual Evoked
Potentials (VEPs) have both emerged as potentially useful biomarkers of cognitive decline in …

Objective The relationship between the cell body layer and the dendritic network layer of the
retina and cognitive performance (CP) in MS patients has not been examined separately …

Cognitive impairment is common in multiple sclerosis and negatively impacts quality of life.
Cognitive status has yet to be described in people with severe progressive multiple …