Bone undergoes continuous remodeling, which is homeostatically regulated by concerted
communication between bone-forming osteoblasts and bone-degrading osteoclasts …

Dual‐specificity MAP kinase phosphatases (MKPs) provide a complex negative regulatory
network that acts to shape the duration, magnitude and spatiotemporal profile of MAP kinase …

The NOP receptor (nociceptin/orphanin FQ opioid peptide receptor) is the most recently
discovered member of the opioid receptor family and, together with its endogenous ligand …

Among the myriad of intracellular signaling networks that govern the cardiac development
and pathogenesis, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are prominent players that …

Perturbations in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis, including depletion of Ca 2+ or
altered redox status, induce ER stress due to protein accumulation, misfolding and …

Jun N-terminal kinases or JNKs play a critical role in death receptor-initiated extrinsic as well
as mitochondrial intrinsic apoptotic pathways. JNKs activate apoptotic signaling by the …

Deregulation of lysine methylation signalling has emerged as a common aetiological factor
in cancer pathogenesis, with inhibitors of several histone lysine methyltransferases (KMTs) …

The extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) cascade is a central signaling
pathway that regulates a wide variety of stimulated cellular processes, including mainly …

Acute inflammation or resolved inflammation is an adaptive host defense mechanism and is
self-limiting, which returns the body to a state of homeostasis. However, unresolved …

Cardiovascular disease is the number one cause of mortality in the Western world. The heart
responds to many cardiopathological conditions with hypertrophic growth by enlarging …