Background The incidence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection remains high
among women in sub-Saharan Africa. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of extended use …

Background The effect of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) depends on uptake,
adherence, and sexual practices. We aimed to assess these factors in a cohort of HIV …

Importance Several randomized clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy of
preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in preventing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) …

Antiretroviral-based strategies for HIV prevention have shown inconsistent results in women.
We investigated whether vaginal microbiota modulated tenofovir gel microbicide efficacy in …

HIV prevalence is increasing worldwide because people on antiretroviral therapy are living
longer, although new infections decreased from 3· 3 million in 2002, to 2· 3 million in 2012 …

Background: Effective HIV prevention programs rely on accurate estimates of the per-act risk
of HIV acquisition from sexual and parenteral exposures. We updated the previous risk …

Referrals for and initiation of preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for human immunodeficiency
virus (HIV) infection increased dramatically in a large clinical practice setting since 2012 …

The wide variety of dissemination and implementation designs now being used to evaluate
and improve health systems and outcomes warrants review of the scope, features, and …

Background Antiretroviral pre-exposure prophylaxis reduces sexual transmission of HIV. We
assessed whether daily oral use of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (tenofovir), an antiretroviral …

Background There are few data available regarding the use of on-demand pre-exposure
prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention. We aimed to assess PrEP effectiveness, adherence …