Inflammation is a pivotal response to a variety of stimuli, and inflammatory molecules such
as cytokines have central roles in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including bone and …

Osteoarthritis (OA), characterized by cartilage erosion, synovium inflammation, and
subchondral bone remodeling, is a common joint degenerative disease worldwide. OA …

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the major course of joint deterioration, in which M1 macrophage-driven
synovitis exacerbates the pathological process. However, precise therapies for M1 …

As one of the fundamental components of Astragalus membranaceus, astragaloside IV (AST
IV) exerts protective effects against cerebral ischemia‐reperfusion injury (CIRI) …

Osteoarthritis (OA), which is characterized by proliferation of subchondral bone and the
degeneration of articular cartilage, is the most prevalent human arthritis. Nod‐like receptor …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a critical role in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. The
injection of a single antioxidant drug is characterized by low drug utilization and short …

Osteoarthritis (OA) is an age-related chronic degenerative joint disease where the main
characteristics include progressive degeneration of cartilage, varying degrees of synovitis …

Substantial evidence suggests that the effects of smoking in atherosclerosis are associated
with inflammation mediated by endothelial cells. However, the mechanisms and potential …

Abstract The current Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is highly contagious …

Ethnopharmacological relevance According to traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) theory,
post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a kind of depression syndrome, and its occurrence …