Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) regulate the rewarding actions of
nicotine contained in tobacco that establish and maintain the smoking habit. nAChRs also …

Adaptation of the nervous system to different chemical and physiologic conditions is
important for the homeostasis of brain processes and for learning and remembering …

Nicotine stimulates the dopamine (DA) system, which is essential for its rewarding effect.
Nicotine is also aversive at high doses; yet, our knowledge about nicotine's dose-dependent …

The lateral habenula (LH b) is an epithalamic region with a crucial role in the regulation of
midbrain monoaminergic systems. Over the past few years a renewed interest in the LH b …

Tobacco smokers titrate their nicotine intake to avoid its noxious effects, sensitivity to which
may influence vulnerability to tobacco dependence, yet mechanisms of nicotine avoidance …

The addiction‐relevant molecular, cellular, and behavioral actions of nicotine are derived
from its stimulatory effects on neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in the …

Despite decades of research and anti-tobacco messaging, nicotine addiction remains an
important public health problem leading to hundreds of thousands of deaths each year …

Cigarette smoking is currently the leading cause of preventable deaths and disability
throughout the world, being responsible for about five million premature deaths/year …

E‐cigarettes, which deliver vaporized nicotine, have dramatically risen in popularity in recent
years, despite many unanswered questions about safety, efficacy in reducing dependence …

Diabetes is far more prevalent in smokers than non-smokers, but the underlying
mechanisms of vulnerability are unknown. Here we show that the diabetes-associated gene …