Abstract N 6-Methyladenosine (m6A) is one of the most abundant modifications of the
epitranscriptome and is found in cellular RNAs across all kingdoms of life. Advances in …

Adjuvants are vaccine components that enhance the magnitude, breadth and durability of
the immune response. Following its introduction in the 1920s, alum remained the only …

Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) are a class of receptors that can directly recognize the
specific molecular structures on the surface of pathogens, apoptotic host cells, and damaged …

Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models, in which tumor tissues from patients are implanted
into immunocompromised or humanized mice, have shown superiority in recapitulating the …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a recently identified
coronavirus that causes the respiratory disease known as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID …

Vitamin D, best known for its role in skeletal health, has emerged as a key regulator of innate
immune responses to microbial threat. In immune cells such as macrophages, expression of …

Cells succumbing to stress via regulated cell death (RCD) can initiate an adaptive immune
response associated with immunological memory, provided they display sufficient …

The recognition of DNA as an immune-stimulatory molecule is an evolutionarily conserved
mechanism to initiate rapid innate immune responses against microbial pathogens. The …

Activation of the RIG-I-like receptors, retinoic-acid inducible gene I (RIG-I) and melanoma
differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5), establishes an antiviral state by upregulating …

Regulation of immune function continues to be one of the most well recognized extraskeletal
actions of vitamin D. This stemmed initially from the discovery that antigen presenting cells …