The selective degradation of many short-lived proteins in eukaryotic cells is carried out by
the ubiquitin system. In this pathway, proteins are targeted for degradation by covalent …

The ability to sense and adjust to the environment is crucial to life. For multicellular
organisms, the ability to respond to external changes is essential not only for survival but …

Obesity is associated with an enhanced inflammatory response that exacerbates insulin
resistance and contributes to diabetes, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular disease. One …

NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa B) belongs to a family of transcription factors known to regulate
a broad range of processes such as immune cell function, proliferation and cancer …

REVIEW Apoptosis is a cell suicide mechanism that enables metazoans to control cell
number in tissues and to eliminate individual cells that threaten the animal's survival. Certain …

Immunity in higher organisms can be broadly categorized into adaptive immunity and innate
immunity. Adaptive immunity is mediated by clonally distributed T and B lymphocytes which …

Because nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) is a ubiquitously expressed proinflammatory transcription
factor that regulates the expression of over 500 genes involved in cellular transformation …

Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) is responsible for the
regulation of a large number of genes that are involved in important physiological …

The IKK kinase complex is the core element of the NF-κB cascade. It is essentially made of
two kinases (IKKα and IKKβ) and a regulatory subunit, NEMO/IKKγ. Additional components …

The intracellular levels of many proteins are regulated by ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis.
One of the best-characterized enzymes that catalyzes the attachment of ubiquitin to proteins …