The population of adults living with congenital heart disease (CHD) has grown rapidly in
recent decades due to major advances in surgical and medical care. Although the benefits …

Background: Despite developments in surgical techniques and medical care, people with a
Fontan circulation still experience long-term complications; non-invasive therapies to …

Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is a comprehensive and invaluable assessment
used to identify the mechanisms that limit exercise capacity. However, its interpretation …

Patients with a Fontan circulation lack a sub-pulmonary ventricle with pulmonary blood flow
passively redirected to the lungs. In the Fontan circulation, ventilation has a significant …

Congenital heart disease (CHD)–related heart failure is common and associated with
significant morbidity, mortality, and resource utilization. In adults with CHD (ACHD), exercise …

The Fontan operation has resulted in significant improvement in survival of patients with
single ventricle physiology. As a result, there is a growing population of individuals with …

Fontan palliation represents one of the most remarkable surgical advances in the
management of individuals born with functionally univentricular physiology. The operation …

Background: Lung function and cardiac function are naturally correlated by sharing the
thoracic cage and handling the whole cardiac output sequentially. However, lung function …

Background Despite the frequent use of the 6-minute walk test (6MWT), exercise capacity
has not been assessed with the incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT) in patients who have …

The Fontan circulation, a surgical palliation for single-ventricle congenital heart disease,
profoundly impacts the cardiopulmonary response to exercise. Reliant on passive …