Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the second most frequent and prevalent complication of
diabetes mellitus (DM). The increase in the production of oxidative stress (OS) is induced by …

Introduction: Neuropathy is a serious complication of diabetes. Its management focuses on
glycaemic control, multifactorial cardiovascular risk intervention, pathogenesis-oriented …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) modulate sphingolipid metabolism, including enzymes that
generate ceramide and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), and a ROS-antioxidant rheostat …

In the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM), the voltage-dependent anion channel 1
(VDAC1) serves as a mitochondrial gatekeeper, controlling the metabolic and energy cross …

Background: The relationship between diabetic nephropathy, visceral adipose tissue (VAT),
and inflammation has been shown. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to …

The kidney is a crucial organ that eliminates metabolic waste and reabsorbs nutritious
elements. It also participates in the regulation of blood pressure, maintenance of electrolyte …

The disruption of balance between production of reactive oxygen species and antioxidant
systems in favor of the oxidants is termed oxidative stress (OS). To counteract the damaging …

Reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species promote endothelial dysfunction in
old ageand contribute to the development of cardiovascular diseases such as …

Introduction We previously reported that alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) supplementation protects
against progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). In this study, we aim to investigate …

A characteristic of diabetes mellitus is hyperglycemia, which is considered with an emphasis
on the diabetic retinopathy of progressive neurodegenerative disease. Retinal ganglion …