Cellular and molecular aging biomarkers might contribute to identify at-risk individuals for
frailty before overt clinical manifestations appear. Although studies on the associations of …

Research about heart failure (HF) has made major progress in the last years. We give here
an update on the most recent findings. Landmark trials have established new treatments for …

Aims Sarcopenia, one of the extracardiac factors for reduced functional capacity and poor
outcome in heart failure (HF), may act differently between HF with preserved ejection fraction …

In the last years, major progress occurred in heart failure (HF) management. Quadruple
therapy is now mandatory for all the patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction. Whilst …

Summary Background & aims Although the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition
(GLIM) proposed a consensus scheme for diagnosing malnutrition in adults in clinical …

Background Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a widely recommended evidence-based
intervention for patients with cardiovascular disease. However, the participation rate in CR …

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) affect 60% of people over 60 years of age and are one of
the main causes of death in the world. Diagnosed cardiovascular disease also triples the …

Heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a global health care problem,
with diagnostic difficulty, limited treatment options and high morbidity and mortality rates …

Background Frailty is conceptualized as an accumulation of deficits in multiple areas and is
strongly associated with the prognosis of heart failure (HF). However, the social domain of …

Aims Although evidence suggests that cognitive decline and physical frailty in elderly
patients with heart failure (HF) are associated with prognosis, the impact of concurrent …