Respiratory viruses cause infections of the upper or lower respiratory tract and they are
responsible for the common cold—the most prevalent disease in the world. In many cases …

Mitochondria are semi‐autonomous organelles of prokaryotic origin that are postulated to
have been acquired by eukaryotic cells through an early endosymbiotic event. Except for …

Following injury, cells in regenerative tissues have the ability to regrow. The mechanisms
whereby regenerating cells adapt to injury-induced stress conditions and activate the …

Organismal life encounters reactive oxidants from internal metabolism and environmental
toxicant exposure. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species cause oxidative stress and are …

The notion that electrophiles serve as messengers in cell signaling is now widely accepted.
Nonetheless, major issues restrain acceptance of redox homeostasis and redox signaling as …

Cellular homeostasis is coordinated through communication between mitochondria and the
nucleus, organelles that each possess their own genomes. Whereas the mitochondrial …

The adult mammalian heart is incapable of regeneration following injury. In contrast, the
neonatal mouse heart can efficiently regenerate during the first week of life. The molecular …

A major feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the loss of noradrenergic locus coeruleus
(LC) projection neurons that mediate attention, memory, and arousal. However, the extent to …

The Krebs cycle enzyme fumarate hydratase (FH) is a human tumor suppressor whose
inactivation is associated with the development of leiomyomata, renal cysts, and tumors. It …

Gene expression programs change over time, differentiation and development, and in
response to stimuli. However, nearly all techniques for profiling gene expression in single …