Inhibitors of the Programmed Cell Death 1: Programmed Cell Death 1 ligand 1 (PD-1: PD-
L1) pathway, a central regulator of T cell exhaustion, have been recently shown to be …

The clinical development of 4–1BB agonists for cancer immunotherapy has raised
substantial interest during the past decade. The first generation of 4–1BB agonistic …

Cytokines are important immunotherapeutics with approved drugs for the treatment of
human cancers. However, systemic administration of cytokines often fails to achieve …

Differentiation of proinflammatory CD4+ conventional T cells (T conv) is critical for productive
antitumor responses yet their elicitation remains poorly understood. We comprehensively …

Following immune attack, solid tumors upregulate coinhibitory ligands that bind to inhibitory
receptors on T cells. This adaptive resistance compromises the efficacy of chimeric antigen …

Therapies that boost the anti-tumor responses of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) have
shown promise; however, clinical responses to the immunotherapeutic agents currently …

CD8+ T cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME) are exposed to various signals that
ultimately determine functional outcomes. Here, we examined the role of the co-activating …

Interleukin-27 (IL-27) is a cytokine with strikingly diverse influences on the immune
response. Although it was initially linked with the development of Th1 responses, it is now …

Checkpoint inhibitors produce durable responses in numerous metastatic cancers, but
immune-related adverse events (irAEs) complicate and limit their benefit. IrAEs can affect …

Research over the past decade has revealed the increasingly complex biologic features of
the CD4+ T-cell lineage. This T-cell subset, which was originally defined on the basis of …