How the fetus withstands an environment of reduced oxygenation during life in the womb
has been a vibrant area of research since this field was introduced by Joseph Barcroft, a …

Abstract Changes in the maternal environment leading to an altered intrauterine milieu can
result in subtle insults to the fetus, promoting increased lifetime disease risk and/or disease …

Maternal obesity is associated with placental lipotoxicity, oxidative stress, and inflammation,
where MAPK activity may play a central role. Accordingly, we have previously shown that …

Studies assessing maternal dietary intakes and the relationship with birthweight are
inconsistent, thus attempting to draw inferences on the role of maternal nutrition in …

Size at birth is a critical determinant of life expectancy, and is dependent primarily on the
placental supply of nutrients. However, the placenta is not just a passive organ for the …

Proper placental development and function are central to the health of both the mother and
the fetus during pregnancy. A critical component of healthy placental function is the proper …

Background Perinatal growth abnormalities program susceptibility to childhood obesity,
which is further exaggerated by maternal overweight and obesity (MO) during pregnancy …

Key points Maternal obesity has been associated with shifts in intestinal microbiota, which
may contribute to impaired barrier function Impaired barrier function may expose the …

Males and females responses to gestational overnutrition set the stage for subsequent sex-
specific differences in adult onset non communicable diseases. Placenta, as a widely …

Serotonin (5-HT) is a critical player in brain development and neuropsychiatric disorders.
Fetal 5-HT levels can be influenced by several gestational factors, such as maternal …