The general secretory (Sec) pathway comprises an essential, ubiquitous and universal
export machinery for most proteins that integrate into, or translocate through, the plasma …

The Type III secretion system (T3SS) is a protein export pathway that is widespread in Gram-
negative bacteria and delivers effector proteins directly into eukaryotic cells. At its core lie …

We report a sequence reconstruction analysis targeting several Precambrian nodes in the
evolution of class-A β-lactamases and the preparation and experimental characterization of …

Bacillus subtilis, belonging to the type species of Bacillus, is a type of soil-derived, low% G+
C, endospore-forming Gram-positive bacterium. After the discovery of B. subtilis 168 that …

The Type IX secretion system (T9SS) is present in over 1000 sequenced species/strains of
the Fibrobacteres‐Chlorobi‐Bacteroidetes superphylum. Proteins secreted by the T9SS …

About 30% of all bacterial proteins execute their function outside of the cytosol and have to
be transported into or across the cytoplasmic membrane. Bacteria use multiple protein …

Background Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) from Gram-negative bacteria are gaining
increasing attention as vaccine platform for their built-in adjuvanticity and for their potential …

Nascent polypeptides emerging from the ribosome are assisted by a pool of molecular
chaperones and targeting factors, which enable them to efficiently partition as cytosolic …

In bacteria, translocation of most soluble secreted proteins (and outer membrane proteins in
Gram-negative bacteria) across the cytoplasmic membrane by the Sec machinery is …

A number of Gram-positive bacteria are important players in industry as producers of a
diverse array of economically interesting metabolites and proteins. As discussed in this …