BACKGROUND: Glutathione-dependent catalysis is a metabolic adaptation to chemical
challenges encountered by all life forms. In the course of evolution, nature optimized …

A common need for microbial cells is the ability to respond to potentially toxic environmental
insults. Here we review the progress in understanding the response of the yeast …

Glutathione, a tripeptide with the sequence γ-Glu-Cys-Gly, exists either in a reduced form
with a free thiol group or in an oxidized form with a disulfide between two identical …

Significance: Mitochondrial glutathione fulfills crucial roles in a number of processes,
including iron–sulfur cluster biosynthesis and peroxide detoxification. Recent Advances …

Protein structure and function can be altered by reactive oxygen species produced either by
cell metabolism or by external oxidants. Although catalases, superoxide dismutases and …

Significance: Glutathione metabolism is comparable to a jigsaw puzzle with too many
pieces. It is supposed to comprise (i) the reduction of disulfides, hydroperoxides, sulfenic …

Formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a common feature of abiotic and biotic stress
reactions. ROS need to be detoxified to avoid deleterious reactions, but at the same time, the …

Iron− sulfur (Fe− S) proteins contain prosthetic groups consisting of two or more iron atoms
bridged by sulfur ligands, which facilitate multiple functions, including redox activity …

Human mitochondrial glutaredoxin 2 (Grx2) is a glutathione-dependent oxidoreductase
(active site: Cys-Ser-Tyr-Cys) that facilitates the maintenance of mitochondrial redox …

Oxidative stress reflects an imbalance between the systemic manifestation of reactive
oxygen species (ROS) and a biological system's ability to readily detoxify the reactive …