The twenty-first century has witnessed major developments in the field of extracellular
vesicle (EV) research, including significant steps towards defining standard criteria for the …

Exosomes are well-known key mediators of intercellular communication and contribute to
various physiological and pathological processes. Their biogenesis involves four key steps …

Dendritic cells (DCs) exhibit a specialized antigen-presenting function and play crucial roles
in both innate and adaptive immune responses. Due to their ability to cross-present tumor …

Intercellular communication is a critical process that ensures cooperation between distinct
cell types and maintains homeostasis. EVs, which were initially described as cellular debris …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have increasingly been recognized as important cell surrogates
influencing many pathophysiological processes, including cellular homeostasis, cancer …

Cancer immunotherapy has transformed traditional treatments, with immune checkpoint
blockade being particularly prominent. However, immunotherapy has minimal benefit for …

Exosomes (Exos) as drug delivery vehicles have been widely used for cancer
immunotherapy owing to their good biocompatibility, low toxicity, and low immunogenicity …

Tumour-derived exosomes (T-EXOs) impede immune checkpoint blockade therapies,
motivating pharmacological efforts to inhibit them. Inspired by how antiviral curvature …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) function as a mode of intercellular communication and
molecular transfer to elicit diverse biological/functional response. Accumulating evidence …

Research on tumour cell‐derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) that regulate tumour
microenvironment (TME) has provided strategies for targeted therapy of head and neck …