B cells have been long studied for their role and function in the humoral immune system.
Apart from generating antibodies and an antibody-mediated memory response against …

Both environmental and genetic triggers factor into the etiology of autoimmune thyroid
disease (AITD), including Graves' disease (GD) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT). Although …

The non-canonical NF-κB pathway is an important arm of NF-κB signaling that
predominantly targets activation of the p52/RelB NF-κB complex. This pathway depends on …

Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) are environmentally widespread, persistent, and
bioaccumulative chemicals with multiple toxicities reported in experimental models and …

Autoimmunity results from abnormal B‐and T‐cell recognition of self‐antigens, which leads
to autoantibody production in many cases. Autoantibodies produced by B‐cell‐derived …

NF-κB signaling has been discovered for nearly 40 years. Initially, NF-κB signaling was
identified as a pivotal pathway in mediating inflammatory responses. However, with …

Since their discovery in 1998, the two TNF family members APRIL and BLyS/BAFF have
received increasing attention. In addition to regulating normal B-cell development and …

Background—Strong evidence supports a role for CD40 ligand (CD40L) as marker and
mediator of inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis. Despite extensive …

The tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) superfamily molecule CD40 is expressed by a
wide variety of cell types following activation signals, and constitutively on B lymphocytes …

B cells have important functions in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, including
autoimmune rheumatic diseases. In addition to producing autoantibodies, B cells contribute …