The AIDS epidemic has been a global public health issue for more than 40 years and has
resulted in~ 40 million deaths. AIDS is caused by the retrovirus, HIV-1, which is transmitted …

Background Global genetic diversity of HIV-1 is a major challenge to the development of HIV
vaccines. We aimed to estimate the regional and global distribution of HIV-1 subtypes and …

We discovered a highly virulent variant of subtype-B HIV-1 in the Netherlands. One hundred
nine individuals with this variant had a 0.54 to 0.74 log10 increase (ie, a~ 3.5-fold to 5.5-fold …

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) of humans is caused by two lentiviruses,
human immunodeficiency viruses types 1 and 2 (HIV-1 and HIV-2). Here, we describe the …

This work examines the emergence and causes of new diseases all over the world,
describing a process called" spillover" where illness originates in wild animals before being …

The HIV-1 reservoir is the major hurdle to a cure. We here evaluate viral and host
characteristics associated with reservoir size and long-term dynamics in 1,057 individuals …

Viral sequence classification has wide applications in clinical, epidemiological, structural
and functional categorization studies. Most existing approaches rely on an initial alignment …

Viral phylodynamics is defined as the study of how epidemiological, immunological, and
evolutionary processes act and potentially interact to shape viral phylogenies. Since the …

Countries in sub-Saharan Africa were once dismissed by Western experts as being too poor
and chaotic to benefit from the antiretroviral drugs that transformed the AIDS epidemic in the …

A fascinating aspect of viral evolution relates to the ability of viruses to escape the adaptive
immune response. The widely held view has been that the great variability of viral …