Vascular endothelial growth factor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (VEGF-TKIs) have been the
mainstay of treatment for patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Despite its …

Cancer stem cells (CSCs), the subpopulation of cancer cells, have the capability of
proliferation, self-renewal, and differentiation. The presence of CSCs is a key factor leading …

Despite great strides being achieved in improving cancer patients' outcomes through better
therapies and combinatorial treatment, several hurdles still remain due to therapy …

The application of nanotechnology in medicine has the potential to make a great impact on
human health, ranging from prevention to diagnosis and treatment of disease. The kidneys …

Despite a continuing debate about the existence of cancer stem cells (CSCs), recent
discoveries have provided further support for their existence and their roles in drug …

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) refers to renal-epithelial cancer, which represents over 90% of
kidney cancer and is a cause for cancer related deaths in the world. Studies suggested …

The term “cancer stem cell”(CSC) refers to a cancer cell with the following features:
clonogenic ability, the expression of stem cell markers, differentiation into cells of different …

Aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) defend intracellular homeostasis by catalyzing the
conversion of toxic aldehydes into non-toxic carboxylic acids, which is of particular …

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have emerged as key contributors to tumor initiation, growth, and
metastasis. In addition, CSCs play a significant role in inducing immune evasion, thereby …

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a vital role in the formation of tumors and have been studied
as a target of anticancer therapy. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are important in the …