Acute myocardial infarction has long been the leading cause of death in coronary heart
disease, which is characterized by irreversible cardiomyocyte death and restricted blood …

In an ever-increasing aged world, Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents the first cause of
dementia and one of the first chronic diseases in elderly people. With 55 million people …

Regulating macrophage activation precisely is crucial in treating chronic inflammation in
osteoarthritis (OA). However, the stable pro-inflammatory state and deep distribution of …

Abstract Alzheimer's disease (AD), one of the most common chronic neurodegenerative
diseases, is characterized by memory impairment, synaptic dysfunction, and character …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders
associated with age or inherited mutations. It is characterized by severe dementia in the late …

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a type of versatile adult stem cells present in various
organs. These cells give rise to extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing a diverse array of …

The term extracellular vesicles (EVs) refers to a variety of heterogeneous nanovesicles
secreted by almost all cell types, primarily for intercellular communication and maintaining …

Globally, neurological diseases pose a major burden to healthcare professionals in terms of
the management and prevention of the disorder. Among neurological diseases, Alzheimer's …

The association between dysfunctional microglia and amyloid-β (Aβ) is a fundamental
pathological event and increases the speed of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Additionally, the …

Stem cells (SCs) have been used therapeutically for decades, yet their applications are
limited by factors such as the risk of immune rejection and potential tumorigenicity …