We are entering an era of medicine where increasingly sophisticated data will be obtained
from patients to determine proper diagnosis, predict outcomes and direct therapies. We …

Organoids and cells in organ‐on‐chip platforms replicate higher‐level anatomical,
physiological, or pathological states of tissues and organs. These technologies are widely …

Bone is one of the key components of the musculoskeletal system. Bone and joint disease
are the fourth most widespread disease, in addition to cardiovascular disease, cancer, and …

The metabolic, digestive and homeostatic roles of the liver are dependent on proper
crosstalk and organization of hepatic cell lineages. These hepatic cell lineages are derived …

Regenerative medicine mainly relies on heterologous transplantation, often hindered by
sample availability and ethical issues. Furthermore, patients are required to take …

The past decades have witnessed the rapid development and widespread application of
nanomedicines in cancer treatment; however, the clinical translation of experimental …

Many different strategies can be found in the literature to model organ physiology, tissue
functionality, and disease in vitro; however, most of these models lack the physiological fluid …

Human organoid models potentially offer a physiologically relevant platform to replace
traditional monolayer cultures and animal models. In particular, the rapid development of …

In vitro organoids derived from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) have been developed
as essential tools to study the underlying mechanisms of human development and diseases …

Organoids, three-dimensional structures cultured in vitro, can recapitulate the
microenvironment, complex architecture, and cellular functions of in vivo organs or tissues …