Objectives Stressful life events, such as going through divorce, can have an important
impact on human health. However, there are challenges in capturing these events in …

Many patients with bipolar disorder (BD) are initially misdiagnosed with major depressive
disorder (MDD) and are treated with antidepressants, whose potential iatrogenic effects are …

Although several studies have examined a diagnostic conversion from major depressive
disorder (MDD) to bipolar disorder (BD), only a few studies specifically focused on …

BackgroundIt is clinically important to predict the conversion of major depression (MD) to
bipolar disorder (BD). Therefore, we sought to identify related conversion rates and risk …

Objectives: It is essential to clinically distinguish bipolar affective disorder from unipolar
affective disorders. However, patients previously diagnosed with unipolar affective disorder …

The present study has two main aims:(1) To assess whether childhood trauma helps to
differentiate Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) from Bipolar Disorder (BD) in a cross …

Background Bipolar disorder (BD) is difficult to discriminate from major depressive disorder
(MDD) before the appearance of mania or hypomania. This study was designed to identify …

The aim of this study was to assess the risk factors for new-onset Bipolar Disorder (BD) in a
community sample of young adults. This is a prospective cohort study including a population …

Objective: Identifying high-risk groups with an increased genetic liability for bipolar disorder
(BD) will provide insights into the etiology of BD and contribute to early detection of BD. We …

Bipolar Disorder (BD) is a severe and chronic disorder characterized by recurrent episodes
of depression, mania, and/or hypomania. Most BD patients initially present with depressive …