Abstract Background and Aims Apocynaceae and Orchidaceae are two angiosperm families
with extreme flower synorganization. They are unrelated, the former in eudicots, the latter in …

Friedman WE, RC Moore, and MD Purugganan. 2004. The evolution of plant development.
Am. J. Bot. 91: 1726–1741. Friis EM, PR Crane, and KP Pedersen. 1997. Fossil history of …

Although they are relative latecomers on the evolutionary scene, having emerged only 135?
170 million years ago, angiosperms—or flowering plants—are the most diverse and species …

Woody climbers, vines, perennial herbs, trees or shrubs, more rarely annuals, sometimes
with large water-storing tubers or a xylopod, sometimes succulent, with large grappling …

The Asclepiadaceae, as traditionally defined, have repeatedly been shown to be an
apomorphic derivative of the Apocynaceae. It has often been recommended that the …

A phylogenetic analysis of 589 plastid rbcL gene sequences representing nearly all eudicot
families (a total of 308 families; seven photosynthetic and four parasitic families are missing) …

This latest revision of my classification and geography of the Dicotyledons replaces my 1992
(Bot. Rev.[Lancaster] 58 (3): 225–348) review and is necessitated by the plethora of new …

In their most recent classification of Apocynaceae in 2000, Endress and Bruyns recognized
five subfamilies of Apocynaceae (Rauvolfioideae, Apocynoideae, Periplocoideae …

Apocynaceae are one of the ten species-richest angiosperm families. However, the
backbone phylogeny of the family is yet less well supported, and the evolution of plastome …

The phylogenetic structure of the tricolpate clade (or eudicots) is presented through a survey
of their major subclades, each of which is briefly characterized. The tricolpate clade was first …