In species with separate sexes, females and males often differ in their morphology,
physiology and behaviour. Such sex‐specific traits are functionally linked to variation in …

In fishes, sex is determined by genetics, the environment or an interaction of both.
Temperature is among the most important environmental factors that can affect sex …

The burden of adverse pregnancy outcomes such as preterm birth and low birth weight is
considerable across the world. Several risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes have …

This paper traces the development of our understanding of the development of different
approaches to estimating the strength of reproductive competition and sexual selection in …

Nitrous oxide (N2O) is an air pollutant of major environmental concern, with agriculture
representing 60% of anthropogenic global N2O emissions. Much of the N2O emissions from …

Pollution (eg by chemicals, noise, light, heat) is an insidious consequence of anthropogenic
activity that affects environments worldwide. Exposure of wildlife to pollutants has the …

Sex determination is a complex process that can be influenced by environment in various
taxa. Disturbed environments can affect population sex ratios and thus threaten their …

Background The oriental river prawn, Macrobrachium nipponense, is an economically
important shrimp in China. Male prawns have higher commercial value than females …

Populations of ectothermic vertebrates are vulnerable to environmental pollution and climate
change because certain chemicals and extreme temperatures can cause sex reversal …

A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the male sexual differentiation of
Macrobrachium nipponense is urgently needed in order to maintain sustainable …