First described in 2012, the glymphatic system is responsible for maintaining homeostasis
within the central nervous system, including nutrient delivery, waste clearance, and …

Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory, demyelinating, and
neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system. Over the last two decades, more …

Importance Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) is characterized by
restricted venous outflow from the brain and spinal cord. Whether this condition is …

We developed a mathematical model of the cerebral venous outflow for the simulation of the
average blood flows and pressures in the main drainage vessels of the brain. The main …

Purpose To evaluate relationship between Meniere disease (MD) and chronic cerebrospinal
venous insufficiency (CCSVI) using ultrasound, magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, and …

Purpose: To evaluate if jugular vein flow restoration in various venographic defects
indicative of chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) in multiple sclerosis (MS) …

Assessment of cerebral venous return is growing interest for potential application in clinical
practice. Doppler ultrasound (DUS) was used as a screening tool. However, three meta …

Background: As an indispensable part of the cerebral venous system, the extracranial
cerebrospinal venous system is not fully recognized. This study aimed to analyze the clinical …

Objective Increased ventricle volume and brain hypoperfusion are linked to
neurodegeneration. We hypothesized that in patients with restricted jugular flow, surgical …

Scientific debate over chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) has drawn
attention to venous system involvement in a series of pathologic brain conditions. In the last …