Cancer is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Apoptosis is a process of
programmed cell death and it plays a vital role in human development and tissue …

The inappropriate or excessive use of antimicrobial agents caused an emerging public
health problem due to the resulting resistance developed by microbes. Therefore, there is an …

Toxins from toads have long been known to contain rich chemicals with great
pharmaceutical potential. Recent studies have shown more than 100 such chemical …

Objectives Cinobufagin is a natural active ingredient isolated from the traditional Chinese
medicine Venenum Bufonis (Chinese: Chansu), which is the dried secretion of the …

Cinobufagin restrains the growth and triggers DNA damage of human hepatocellular
carcinoma cells via proteasome-dependent degradation of thymidylate synthase …

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the deadliest cancers with high mortality and poor
prognosis, and the investigation on new approaches and effective drugs for HCC therapy is …

Development of new therapeutic strategies for breast cancer is urgently needed due to the
sustained emergence of drug resistance, tumor recurrence and metastasis. To gain a novel …

Ethnopharmacological relevance Toad skin came from Bufo bufo gargarizans Cantor and
Bufo melanostictus Schneider. As the traditional Chinese medicine, it had the effect of …

A series of bufadienolides were isolated from the Bufo viridis toad venom, and their cytotoxic
activities against three human cancer cell lines (HeLa, HT-29, MCF7) and a non-cancer cell …

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a major cause of cancer-related mortality in children and young adults
worldwide. Due to preexisting or acquired chemoresistance, the current standard …