Piezoelectricity in native bones has been well recognized as the key factor in bone
regeneration. Thus, bio-piezoelectric materials have gained substantial attention in repairing …

Abstract The three-dimensional (3D) printing and its extension four-dimensional (4D)
printing technique show great promise for advanced additive manufacturing of functional …

The host immune response to biomaterials is critical for determining scaffold fate and bone
regeneration outcomes. Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinted scaffolds encapsulated with …

Gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA), a kind of modified biomaterials with adjustable degradability
from gelatin, can composite with various composite materials and therapeutic substances …

The use of microneedles (MNs), an innovative transdermal technology, enables efficient,
convenient, painless, and controlled-release drug delivery. Porous microneedles (pMNs) …

Additive manufacturing, popularly known as “3D printing”, enables us to fabricate advanced
scaffolds and cell-scaffold constructs for tissue engineering. 4D printing makes dynamic …

Different tissues have complex anisotropic structures to support biological functions.
Mimicking these complex structures in vitro remains a challenge in biomaterials designs …

Hydrogel is a suitable material for three-dimensional cell culture, and is rich in water content
and can better simulate a natural extracellular matrix. However, the relatively compact pores …

In view of their exceptional approach, excellent inherent biocompatibility and
biodegradability properties, and interaction with the local extracellular matrix, protein-based …

The application of three-dimensional printing technology in the medical field has great
potential for bone defect repair, especially personalized and biological repair. As a green …