Highlights•True endophytic fungi (EF) are organisms inside plants never causing
disease.•Fungal interactions in plants are a continuum from pathogenic to beneficial.•EF can …

In natural systems, plant–symbiont–pathogen interactions play important roles in mitigating
abiotic and biotic stresses in plants. Symbionts have their own special recognition ways, but …

We aimed to synthesize zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) using the endophytic fungal
extract of Aspergillus niger. The prepared ZnO NPs were characterized, and their in vitro and …

Botrytis cinerea is a pathogenic fungus to fruit, biocontrol is a promising approach to relieve
this issue. In this study, Vishniacozyma victoriae is an endophytic yeast extracted from …

Plant secondary metabolites have significant potential applications in a wide range of
pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic industries by providing new chemistries and …

Covering: 2015–2022 Plants and microbes have coevolved since their appearance, and
their interactions, to some extent, define plant health. A reasonable fraction of small …

Research on the toxicity effects of nano-plastics on submerged macrophytes has been
increasing over the past several years. However, how the endophytic bacteria of submerged …

The large genetic evolution due to the sexual reproduction-mediated gene assortments and
propensities has made Venturia inaequalis (causing apple scab) unique with respect to its …

Symbiotic organisms may contribute to a host plant's success or failure to grow, its ability to
maintain viable populations, and potentially, its probability of establishment and spread …

Endophytic fungi colonize interior plant tissue and mostly form mutualistic associations with
their host plant. Plant-endophyte interaction is a complex mechanism and is currently a …