Under stressful conditions, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis acts to promote
transitory physiological adaptations that are often resolved after the stressful stimulus is no …

Introduction: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), PPARα, PPARδ, and
PPARγ, play an important role in the regulation of various physiological processes …

Extensive research has been carried out on the metabolomic changes in animal models of
depression; however, there is no general agreement about which metabolites exhibit …

High-fat diet (HFD) consumption leads to obesity and a chronic state of low-grade
inflammation, named metainflammation. Notably, metainflammation contributes to …

Abstract N-acylethanolamines (NAEs), which include the endocannabinoid anandamide,
represent an important family of signaling lipids in the brain. The lack of chemical probes …

Transgenic mouse models of Aβ amyloidosis generated by knock-in of a humanized Aβ
sequence can offer some advantages over the transgenic models that overexpress amyloid …

Abstract Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) or depression is a pathological mental condition
affecting millions of people worldwide. Identification of objective biological markers of …

The nervous system, in addition to be a target for steroid hormones, is the source of a variety
of neuroactive steroids, which are synthesized and metabolized by neurons and glial cells …

Fear is an emotion that serves as a driving factor in how organisms move through the world.
In this review, we discuss the current understandings of the subjective experience of fear …

Social behavioral changes, including social isolation or loneliness, increase the risk for
stress-related disorders, such as major depressive disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder …