Ascites is the most common complication of cirrhosis, and 60% of patients with compensated
cirrhosis develop ascites within 10 years during the course of their disease [1]. Ascites only …

Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) is a serious complication of end-stage liver disease, occurring
mainly in patients with advanced cirrhosis and ascites, who have marked circulatory …

Cardiovascular complications of cirrhosis include cardiac dysfunction and abnormalities in
the central, splanchnic and peripheral circulation, and haemodynamic changes caused by …

Increased cardiac output was first described in patients with cirrhosis more than fifty years
ago. Later, various observations have indicated the presence of a latent cardiac dysfunction …

The systemic circulation in patients with cirrhosis is hyperdynamic with an increased cardiac
output and heart rate and a reduced systemic vascular resistance as the most pronounced …

In liver cirrhosis, abnormal persistent extrahepatic vasodilation leads to hyperdynamic
circulatory dysfunction which essentially contributes to portal hypertension. Since portal …

Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy is a cardiac condition observed in patients with cirrhotic regardless
of the etiologies. It is characterized by the impaired systolic response to physical stress …

HRS is a major clinical event during the course of decompensated cirrhosis. Although the
most characteristic feature of the syndrome is a functional renal failure caused by an intense …

Hepato-renal syndrome is a severe complication of advanced liver cirrhosis, in patients with
ascites and marked circulatory dysfunction. It is clearly established that it has a functional …

The most common complication to chronic liver failure is ascites. The formation of ascites in
the cirrhotic patient is caused by a complex chain of pathophysiological events involving …