Childhood socio-economic status (SES), a measure of the availability of material and social
resources, is one of the strongest predictors of lifelong well-being. Here we review evidence …

An extensive literature on childhood adversity and neurodevelopment has emerged over the
past decade. We evaluate two conceptual models of adversity and neurodevelopment—the …

Two extant frameworks–the harshness-unpredictability model and the threat-deprivation
model–attempt to explain which dimensions of adversity have distinct influences on …

Early life adversity (ELA) is a major risk factor for mental illness, but the neurobiological
mechanisms by which ELA increases the risk for future psychopathology are still poorly …

Socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with children's brain and behavioral
development. Several theories propose that early experiences of adversity or low SES can …

Animal studies of neurodevelopment have shown that recordings of intrinsic cortical activity
evolve from synchronized and high amplitude to sparse and low amplitude as plasticity …

Adolescence is a period of dynamic change across multiple systems. Concurrent maturation
of neural, biological, and psychosocial functioning renders adolescence a time of …

Although early-life adversity can undermine healthy development, children growing up in
harsh environments may develop intact, or even enhanced, skills for solving problems in …

Life history theory argues that exposure to early life adversity (ELA) accelerates
development, although existing evidence for this varies. We present a meta-analysis and …

A growing literature has shown associations between socioeconomic disadvantage and
neural properties (such as brain structure and function). In this review, we aimed to …