Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), sulfur (S), zinc (Zn), and iron (Fe) are some of the vital
nutrients required for optimum growth, development, and productivity of plants. The …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) are produced in all aerobic life forms
under both physiological and adverse conditions. Unregulated ROS/NO generation causes …

Many trace metals are essential micronutrients, but also potent toxins. Due to natural and
anthropogenic causes, vastly different trace metal concentrations occur in various habitats …

Plant cells orchestrate an array of molecular mechanisms for maintaining plasmatic
concentrations of essential heavy metal (HM) ions, for example, iron, zinc and copper, within …

Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are at the heart of many cellular signaling events.
Apart from a single regulatory PTM, there are also PTMs that function in orchestrated …

Plant roots forage the soil for iron, the concentration of which can be dramatically lower than
those needed for growth. Soil iron uptake uses the broad metal spectrum IRT1 transporter …

Small RNAs (sRNAs) of the fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea can enter plant cells and hijack
host Argonaute protein 1 (AGO1) to silence host immunity genes. However, the mechanism …

Iron is essential for the survival and proliferation of all plants. Higher plants have developed
two distinct strategies to acquire iron, which is only slightly soluble, from the rhizosphere: the …

Iron is an essential element for plant growth and development. While abundant in soil, the
available Fe in soil is limited. In this regard, plants have evolved a series of mechanisms for …

When plants are subjected to high metal exposure, different plant species take different
strategies in response to metal-induced stress. Largely, plants can be distinguished in four …