The mammalian gut microbial community, known as the gut microbiota, comprises trillions of
bacteria, which co-evolved with the host and has an important role in a variety of host …

The human gastrointestinal tract hosts a diverse network of microorganisms, collectively
known as the microbiota that plays an important role in health and disease. For instance, the …

Many intestinal pathogens, including Clostridioides difficile, use mucus-derived sugars as
crucial nutrients in the gut. Commensals that compete with pathogens for such nutrients are …

Background Clostridium difficile is the most common cause of infectious diarrhea in
hospitalized patients. Recurrences are common after antibiotic therapy. Actoxumab and …

Background and aims Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are among the top 10 most widely used
drugs in the world. PPI use has been associated with an increased risk of enteric infections …

The human microbiome is overly exposed to antibiotics, due, not only to their medical use,
but also to their utilization in farm animals and crops. Microbiome composition can be rapidly …

Groundbreaking research on the universality and diversity of microorganisms is now
challenging the life sciences to upgrade fundamental theories that once seemed …

Emerging evidence strongly suggest that the human “microbiome” plays an important role in
both health and disease. Bile acids function both as detergents molecules promoting …

The gastrointestinal tracts of mammals are colonized by hundreds of microbial species that
contribute to health, including colonization resistance against intestinal pathogens. Many …

Although the importance of human genetic polymorphisms in therapeutic outcomes is well
established, the role of our'second genome'(the microbiome) has been largely overlooked …