In this new assessment of the empirical evidence, an alternative to the standard model is
proposed: group selection is the strong binding force in eusocial evolution; individual …

The taxonomic distribution and evolution of viviparity in Diptera is critically reviewed. The
phenomenon ranges from ovoviviparity (eggs deposited at an advanced stage of embryonic …

This book is both a manual for the computer program MacClade, describing its features and
potential uses, as well as a portrayal of a phylogenetic approach to studying diversity and …

Avoiding Attack discusses the diversity of mechanisms by which prey avoid predator attacks
and explores how such defensive mechanisms have evolved through natural selection. It …

Plants face a daunting array of creatures that eat them, bore into them, and otherwise use
virtually every plant part for food, shelter, or both. But although plants cannot flee from their …

This article considers the statistical issues relevant to the comparative method in
evolutionary biology. A generalized linear model (GLM) is presented for the analysis of …

In numbers and biomass, ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) often dominate arthropod faunas
of tropical rainforest canopies. Extraordinary ant abundance is due principally to one or a …

When isolated from predators, costly and no longer functional anti-predator behaviour
should be selected against. Predator naiveté is often pronounced on islands, where species …

Homobasidiomycetes include the majority of wood-decaying fungi. Two basic forms of wood
decay are known in homobasidiomycetes: white rot, in which lignin and cellulose are …

Three main benefits are thought to underlie communal roosting in birds: a reduction in
thermoregulation demands, a decrease in predation risk, and an increase in foraging …