BACKGROUND Earth system models (ESMs) simulate physical, chemical, and biological
processes that underlie climate and are the most complex in a hierarchy of models of Earth's …

Recent advances in studying the dynamics of marine microbial communities have shown
that the composition of these communities follows predictable patterns and involves complex …

A major thrust of terrestrial microbial ecology is focused on understanding when and how
the composition of the microbial community affects the functioning of biogeochemical …

Phytoplankton size structure controls the trophic organization of planktonic communities and
their ability to export biogenic materials toward the ocean's interior. Our understanding of the …

Ocean viruses are abundant and infect 20–40% of surface microbes. Infected cells, termed
virocells, are thus a predominant microbial state. Yet, virocells and their ecosystem impacts …

The Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 has been on orbit since 2014, and its global coverage
holds the potential to reveal new information about the carbon cycle through the use of top …

Zooplankton are major primary consumers and predators in most aquatic ecosystems. They
exhibit tremendous diversity of traits, ecological strategies and, consequently, impacts on …

Trace metals are required for numerous processes in phytoplankton and can influence the
growth and structure of natural phytoplankton communities. The metal contents of …

In the aquatic environment, biofilms on solid surfaces are omnipresent. The outer body
surface of marine organisms often represents a highly active interface between host and …

Microcystis is a cyanobacterium that forms toxic blooms in freshwater ecosystems around
the world. Biological variation among taxa within the genus is apparent through genetic and …