Abstract ABSTRACT: Colony-Stimulating Factor-1 Receptor (CSF1R) is a receptor tyrosine
kinase that controls the differentiation and maintenance of most tissue-resident …

Diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) are often associated with vascular
disturbances or inflammation and frequently both. Consequently, endothelial cells and …

Abstract Apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) is the strongest known genetic risk factor for late-onset
Alzheimer's disease (AD). Conditions of stress or injury induce APOE expression within …

General anesthesia (GA) is an unconscious state produced by anesthetic drugs, which act
on neurons to cause overall suppression of neuronal activity in the brain. Recent studies …

In multiple sclerosis and the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model, both
resident microglia and infiltrating macrophages contribute to demyelination as well as …

Background Viral rewiring of host bioenergetics and immunometabolism may provide novel
targets for therapeutic interventions against viral infections. Here, we have explored the …

Seizure disorders are common, affecting both the young and the old. Currently available
antiseizure drugs are ineffective in a third of patients and have been developed with a focus …

Microglia shape synaptic connections among neurons of the central nervous system (CNS)
during development and adulthood. In this review, the actions by which they facilitate …

Microglia, the resident macrophages of the central nervous system (CNS), play a critical role
in CNS homeostasis and neuroinflammation. Pexidartinib (PLX3397), a colony-stimulating …

Microglia provide protection against a range of brain infections including bacteria, viruses
and parasites, but how these glial cells respond to fungal brain infections is poorly …