Artificial ion channels with ion permeability and selectivity comparable to their biological
counterparts are highly desired for efficient separation, biosensing, and energy conversion …

Developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEEs) are a heterogeneous group of
disorders characterized by early-onset, often severe epileptic seizures and EEG …

Understanding structural dynamics of biomolecules at the single-molecule level is vital to
advancing our knowledge of molecular mechanisms. Currently, there are few techniques …

In biological systems, enzymes and transport proteins can bind anions in aqueous media
solely by forming hydrogen bonds with charge-neutral motifs. Reproducing this functionality …

The protonation state of soluble and membrane-associated macromolecules dictates their
charge, conformation, and functional activity. In addition, protons (H+ or their equivalents) …

The late endosomes/endo‐lysosomes of vertebrates contain an atypical phospholipid,
lysobisphosphatidic acid (LBPA)(also termed bis [monoacylglycero] phosphate [BMP]) …

Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment of primary aldosteronism, the most frequent
cause of secondary hypertension, are crucial to prevent deleterious cardiovascular …

Na+/H+ exchangers play pivotal roles in the control of cell and tissue pH by mediating the
electroneutral exchange of Na+ and H+ across cellular membranes. They belong to an …

Voltage-gated ion channels (VGICs), including those for Na+, Ca2+ and K+, selectively
permeate ions across the cell membrane in response to changes in membrane potential …

Lysosomes, the degradation center of the cell, are filled with acidic hydrolases. Lysosomes
generate nutrient-sensitive signals to regulate the import of H+, hydrolases, and endocytic …