Edaravone was originally developed as a potent free radical scavenger and has been
widely used to treat cerebral infarction in Japan since 2001. Several free radical scavengers …

OBJECTIVE Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) is widely used to treat various
human diseases. Low-energy ESWT increases expression of vascular endothelial growth …

Degenerative conditions of the lumbar spine are extremely common. Ninety percent of
people over the age of 60 years have degenerative change on imaging; however, only a …

Low-energy extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) has been used to treat various
human diseases. Previous studies have shown that low-energy ESWT promotes the release …

The application of stem cell transplants in clinical practice has increased in frequency in
recent years. Many of the stem cell transplants in neurologic diseases, including stroke …

Background Chronic renal failure is an important clinical problem with significant
socioeconomic impact worldwide. Thoracic spinal cord entrapment induced by a metabolic …

Historically, clinical outcomes following spinal cord injury (SCI) have been dismal. Severe
SCI leads to devastating neurological deficits, and there is no treatment available that …

Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in neuronal and glial death and the loss of axons at the injury
site. Inflammation after SCI leads to the inhibition of tissue regeneration and reduced …

While the use of biologics as adjuncts for spine surgery is growing annually stem cells have
yet to be approved for this clinical application. Stem cells have the unique ability to …

Stem cell therapies have significant potential to treat spinal cord injury (SCI), but it remains
difficult to translate these therapies from 'bench to bedside'. Identifying barriers to translation …