Chikungunya virus is widespread throughout the tropics, where it causes recurrent
outbreaks of chikungunya fever. In recent years, outbreaks have afflicted populations in East …

Background Monkeypox (MPX) is an important human Orthopoxvirus infection. There has
been an increase in MPX cases and outbreaks in endemic and non-endemic regions in …

Abstract Background ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) is composed of ten
Southeast Asian countries bound by socio-cultural ties that promote regional peace and …

Background Chikungunya virus outbreaks have been associated with excess deaths at the
ecological level. Previous studies have assessed the risk factors for severe versus mild …

Background Long-term chikungunya is a mosquito-borne disease, characterized by
disabling rheumatic symptoms persisting for years, after infection with the chikungunya virus …

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a single positive-stranded RNA virus of the Togaviridae family
and Alphavirus genus, with a typical lipid bilayer envelope structure, and is the causative …

Chikungunya fever is a global vector-borne viral disease. Patients with acute chikungunya
are usually treated symptomatically. The arthritic phase may be self-limiting. However, many …

Toll like receptor 4 (TLR4), a pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) receptor, is
known to exert inflammation in various cases of microbial infection, cancer and autoimmune …

Chikungunya fever is a zoonotic viral disease transmitted by infected Aedes spp.
mosquitoes with epidemic potential. It is an important cause of morbidity in developing …

Uncaria tomentosa (UT) is a medicinal plant popularly known as cat's claw belonging to the
Rubiaceae family that has been reported to display antiviral and anti-inflammatory activities …