Despite decades of research to understand the biological effects of ionising radiation, there
is still much uncertainty over the role of dose rate. Motivated by a virtual workshop on the …

Purpose Since the exact development of posterior subcapsular cataracts (PSCs) is poorly
understood, we review various risk factors and propose a two-stage etiology for PSCs …

Radiation-induced foci (RIF) are nuclear puncta visualized by immunostaining of proteins
that regulate DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair after exposure to ionizing radiation. RIF …

For radiation protection purposes, noncancer effects with a threshold-type dose-response
relationship have been classified as tissue reactions (formerly called nonstochastic or …

The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) has considered for over 60
years that the lens of the eye is among the most radiosensitive tissues, and has …

Exposure of aircrew to cosmic radiation has been recognized as an occupational health risk
for several decades. Based on the recommendations by the International Commission on …

Purpose Cataract (opacification of the ocular lens) is a typical tissue reaction (deterministic
effect) following ionizing radiation exposure, for which prevention dose limits have been …

Abstract In 2011, the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP)
recommended reducing the occupational equivalent dose limit for the lens of the eye from …

Recent epidemiological findings and reanalysis of historical data suggest lens opacities
resulting from ionizing radiation exposures are likely induced at lower doses than previously …

The lack of information on how biological systems respond to low-dose and low dose-rate
exposures makes it difficult to accurately assess the carcinogenic risks. This is of critical …