Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating neurological disorder that affects thousands of
individuals each year. Over the past decades an enormous progress has been made in our …

A microglial cell is both a glial cell of the central nervous system and a mononuclear
phagocyte, which belongs to the haematopoietic system and is involved in inflammatory and …

Elimination of apoptotic neurons without inflammation is crucial for brain tissue homeostasis,
but the molecular mechanism has not been firmly established. Triggering receptor …

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has potent effects on neuronal survival and
plasticity during development and after injury. In the nervous system, neurons are …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder affecting mainly the
elderly, although a small proportion of PD patients develop the illness at a much younger …

Microglia may contribute to cell death in neurodegenerative diseases. We studied the
activation of microglia in affected regions of Huntington disease (HD) brain by localizing …

Neuroinflammation is a host‐defense mechanism associated with restoration of normal
structure and function of the brain and neutralization of an insult. Increasing …

Cytokines and chemokines have been implicated in contributing to the initiation,
propagation and regulation of immune and inflammatory responses. Also, these soluble …

Abstract Analysis of the mechanisms underlying CNS immune surveillance and
immunopathology have provided new insights into the intracerebral regulation of immune …

In normal brain aging, CNS resident macrophages exhibit increased expression of major
histocompatibility complex (MHC) II expression. However, the transcriptional basis for this …