When animals are faced with a life-threatening challenge, they mount an organism-wide
response (ie Plan A). For example, both the stress response (ie fight-or-flight) and the …

Deficiency of food resources in ontogeny is known to prolong an organism's developmental
time and affect body size in adulthood. Yet life‐history traits are plastic: an organism can …

Background: Exotic plant species represent a novel resource for invertebrates and many
herbivorous insects have incorporated exotic plants into their diet. Using a new host plant …

Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) represent promising control agents against wireworms but
success in field experiments is inconsistent. The physiological condition of the targeted …

Nutritional stress is the major factor contributing to decline in the honey bee (Apis mellifera
L.) populations given the high degree of dependence on floral resources, and due to the …

Mounting an immune response requires a considerable energy investment by the host. This
makes expression of immune phenotypes susceptible to changes in availability of …

Immune–nociceptor connections are found in animals across phyla. Local inflammation
and/or damage results in increased nociceptive sensitivity of the affected area. However, in …

Differential transmission of disease among individuals within a population or among species
in a community can result in superspreaders, relatively rare individuals responsible for a …

Aggressive interactions between members of a social group represent an important source
of social stress with all its negative follow-ups. We used the ponerine ant Harpegnathos …

Predator‐prey interactions are an important evolutionary force affecting the immunity of the
prey. Parasitoids and mites pierce the cuticle of their prey, which respond by activating their …