Highlights•The need for enhancing bioremediation of soils polluted with heavy metals is
revealed.•The role of PGPR phytoremediation is beneficial for plant tolerance and soil …

Environmental pollution due to heavy metals is a growing concern worldwide. Human
activities such as industrial discharge, mining, smelting, hazardous solid waste disposal, etc …

Globally, ecotoxicologists, environmental biologists, biochemists, pathologists, and other
experts are concerned about environmental contamination. Numerous pollutants, such as …

Biochar application is a promising strategy for the remediation of contaminated soil, while
ensuring sustainable waste management. Biochar remediation of heavy metal (HM) …

Rapid industrialization, mine tailings runoff, and agricultural activities are often detrimental to
soil health and can distribute hazardous metal (loid) s into the soil environment, with harmful …

Heavy metal toxicity has become a pressing ecological problem that affects the ecosystems
through bioaccumulation, representing a serious public health hazard. Many conventional …

Soil metal contamination is a major concern due to the ever-rising number of areas afflicted
worldwide and the detrimental effects of metals to the environment and human health. Due …

A multitude of roles is played by microbes in food and agriculture that include nutrient
cycling and management, organic matter decomposition and fermentation. Plant growth …

Due to the increased use of crude oil and other oil-related products, a large amount of waste
is produced and discharged into the environment. These wastes contain toxic heavy metals …

Heavy metal contamination in soils endangers humans and the biosphere by reducing
agricultural yield and negatively impacting ecosystem health. In recent decades, this issue …