We have evaluated the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of rotavirus subunit vaccines
administered by mucosal routes. Virus-like particles (VLPs) produced by self-assembly of …

It has been known that influenza A virus infection induces a cross-protective immunity
against infection by viruses with different subtypes of viral envelope proteins, hemagglutinin …

Eosinophils are innate immune cells typically associated with allergic and parasitic
diseases. However, in recent years, eosinophils have also been ascribed a role in keeping …

Intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) play a central role in innate and acquired mucosal immunity.
They ensure early signaling to trigger an inflammatory response against pathogens …

The diverse enteric viral communities that infect microbes and the animal host collectively
constitute the gut virome. Although recent advances in sequencing and analysis of …

Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is the main secretory immunoglobulin of mucous membranes and is
powerfully induced by the presence of commensal microbes in the intestine. B cells undergo …

The mucosal immune system consists of molecules, cells, and organized lymphoid
structures intended to provide immunity to pathogens that impinge upon mucosal surfaces …

Antibodies are key molecules in the fight against infections. Although previously thought to
mediate protection solely in the extracellular environment, recent research has revealed that …

The contribution of secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) antibodies in the defense of mucosal
epithelia plays an important role in preventing pathogen adhesion to host cells, therefore …

Rotaviruses are the leading cause of severe diarrheal disease in young children. Intestinal
mucosal IgA responses play a critical role in protective immunity against rotavirus …