Protein kinase A (PKA) is a central regulator of cardiac performance and morphology.
Myocardial PKA activation is induced by a variety of hormones, neurotransmitters, and stress …

Abstract Calcium (Ca2+) ions are a key second messenger involved in the rhythmic
excitation and contraction of cardiomyocytes throughout the heart. Proper function of Ca2+ …

The calcium-activated protein phosphatase, calcineurin, lies at the intersection of protein
phosphorylation and calcium signaling cascades, where it provides an essential nodal point …

Contraction of cardiomyocytes is dependent on sub-cellular structures called dyads, where
invaginations of the surface membrane (t-tubules) form functional junctions with the …

Close contacts between endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria enable reciprocal Ca2+
exchange, a key mechanism in the regulation of mitochondrial bioenergetics. During the …

Aim In cardiomyocytes, transverse tubules (T-tubules) associate with the sarcoplasmic
reticulum (SR), forming junctional membrane complexes (JMCs) where L-type calcium …

T-type calcium channels perform crucial physiological roles across a wide spectrum of
tissues, spanning both neuronal and non-neuronal system. For instance, they serve as …

Rationale: In heart failure, myofilament proteins display abnormal phosphorylation, which
contributes to contractile dysfunction. The mechanisms underlying the dysregulation of …

Caveolin-3 (Cav-3) is a protein that has been implicated in t-tubule formation and function in
cardiac ventricular myocytes. In cardiac hypertrophy and failure, Cav-3 expression …

In mammalian cardiac ventricular myocytes, Ca influx and release occur predominantly at t-
tubules, ensuring synchronous Ca release throughout the cell. Heart failure is associated …