Objective: To quantify benefit and harm of epidural analgesia, compared with systemic
opioid analgesia, in adults having surgery under general anesthesia. Background: It …

The stress response is the name given to the hormonal and metabolic changes which follow
injury or trauma. This is part of the systemic reaction to injury which encompasses a wide …

THE purpose of this review is to evaluate recent developments in our understanding of the
inflammatory response to cardiac surgery. Scientific knowledge in this field is continually …

PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of α2-adrenergic agonists on perioperative mortality
and cardiovascular complications in adults undergoing surgery. METHODS: MEDLINE …

Background: It is well known by now that during open heart surgery many detrimental factors
are involved in lung injury. The influence mainly of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) …

Elderly patients still have the highest postoperative mortality and morbidity rate in the adult
surgical population. Preoperative clinical assessment to detect patients at high risk of …

Background Perioperative central neuraxial analgesia may improve outcome after coronary
artery bypass surgery due to attenuation of stress response and superior analgesia …

POORLY CONTROLLED PAIN is associated with sympa-thetic nervous system activation
and an increased hormonal stress response. This response may contribute to multiple …

IMPLICATIONS: Many anesthesiologists believe that thoracic epidural anesthesia/analgesia
(TEA) is contraindicated for cardiac surgery because of increased risk of paraplegia …

Background A combination of general anesthesia (GA) with thoracic epidural anesthesia
(TEA) may have a beneficial effect on clinical outcomes after cardiac surgery. We have …