Cytochrome P450 is responsible for the metabolism of endogenous substrates, drugs and
substances of abuse. The brain and nervous system regulate liver cytochrome P450 via …

While preclinical work has aimed to outline the neural mechanisms of drug addiction, it has
overwhelmingly focused on male subjects. There has been a push in recent years to …

Cocaine use disorder represents a public health crisis with no FDA-approved medications
for its treatment. A growing body of research has detailed the important connections …

Rationale Taking high and increasing amounts of cocaine is thought to be necessary for the
development of addiction. Consequently, a widely used animal model of drug self …

Drug addiction is a behavioral disorder characterized by dysregulated learning about drugs
and associated cues that result in compulsive drug seeking and relapse. Learning about …

Cocaine addiction is characterized by dysfunction in reward-related brain circuits, leading to
maladaptive motivation to seek and take the drug. There are currently no clinically available …

The dopamine transporter (DAT) has been implicated in a variety of arousal-related
processes including the regulation of motor activity, learning, motivated behavior …

Patients with post-traumatic stress disorder have a heightened vulnerability to developing
substance use disorders; however, the biological underpinnings of this vulnerability remain …

Understanding mesolimbic dopamine adaptations underlying vulnerability to drug relapse is
essential to inform prognostic tools for effective treatment strategies. However, technical …

The calcium-binding protein calbindin-D28K, or calb1, is expressed at higher levels by
dopamine (DA) neurons originating in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) than in the adjacent …